汽车开空调时油耗测试评价综述

Synthesis of Automotive AC Fuel Consumption Test & Evaluation

汽车在开空调时的耗能实质上是燃油消耗,为此,美国及欧洲各国制定了由整车转鼓、尾气分析仪及环境仓组成的用于汽车带空调油耗测试评价综合测试系统。美国采用包括行驶工况SC03在内的5工况法进行测试,再依据AC17测试的试验结果和空调部件的技术特征来授予油耗奖励及CO2奖励(通过获得奖励可确保汽车生产商的油耗或CO2排放达标,从而满足产品上市要求)。同样针对该油耗测试,欧洲的MACTP法规与AC17相似处在于均测量汽车开空调与关空调时的油耗并计算差值,区别在于前者的数据还要经过多层次的校正计算后才生成最终数值。AC17和MACTP可供我国编制类似标准时借鉴。

To measure indirect CO2 emission and FC caused by automotive air conditions energy comsumpion, new test methods based on synthetic system of dynometer, exhaust gas analyser and climate chamber are introduced in US and EU, respectively. US utilized 5 cycle method, one of which is SC03 characterd in AC ON, to evaluate FC. Futher steps involve AC17 test result and credit. EU Commission＇ s MACTP, similar to AC17 in MAC-on subtract MAC-Off, is also near to be accomplished. There are some differences between MACTP and AC17, such as the calculation in MACTP is by far more complex than the other. More efficient AC technologys generally performance better in these new tests, and the results make them be appreciated in automotive industry. It＇ s valuable to referance to AC17 or MACTP when similar evaluation and management are taken in China.