晚清光绪季年的“己亥建储”丑剧和爱新觉罗·溥儁的“大阿哥”之“立”与“废”

The Farce of“to Establish a Crown Prince in the Year of Yi Hai”and the“Enthroning”and“Dethroning”of the“Big Brother”Pu Chun·Aixinjueluo in Late Qing Dynasty

戊戌变法失败后,光绪帝虽然形同囚徒,但慈禧太后总感到他还占着皇位。为了杜绝光绪帝的东山再起,慈禧太后册立端郡王载漪的儿子溥儁为"大阿哥",尔后即导演了一幕"己亥建储"的丑剧。端郡王载漪等顽固派利用义和团仇恨洋人的心理,怂恿义和团为他们火中取栗。故在义和团运动失败后,慈禧对于载漪一家人的宠信一落千丈了,载漪及其胞弟镇国公载澜均被处以"夺爵"和发往新疆充军,而在光绪二十七年(1901年)十月"两宫"自西安还都(北京)途中行至开封时,慈禧又下了道谕旨撤销了溥儁的"大阿哥"名号。出宫后的溥儁,身遭冷遇,又无力自谋生活出路,于是积忧成疾,迨至1942年他终于病死在其内兄塔王府侧栖身的小屋之中。

After the failure of Hundred Days＇ Reform, although Guangxu Emperor was just like a prisoner, the Empress Dowager Cixi always felt that he still occupied the throne. In order to prevent a comeback from Guangxu Emperor, the Empress Dowager Cixi titled Pu Chun, who is the son of Duke Zai Yi, as the ＂Big Brother＂, and later directed a farce of ＂to establish a crown prince in the year of Yi Hai＂. Duke Zai Yi and other diehards took advantage of Boxers＂ psychological hatred of foreigners, and then encouraged them to pull chestnuts out of the fire. Therefore, after the failure of the Boxer Rebellion, the Empress＂ favoritism for Zai Yi family plummeted. Zai Yi and his brother Duke Zhenguo Zai Lan were relieved of their titles and sent to exile in Xinjiang. In October of Guangxu 27 years （1901）, when ＂ Lianggong＂ reached Kaifeng on the way from Xi＇an to capital Beijing, the Empress decreed the revocation of Pu Chun＇s ＂Big Brother＂ name. After Pu Chun got out of the Palace, he received cold shoulders from others, and he was unable to fend way of life for himself. Then he worried to illness and in 1942 died in a hut in his brother＇s Tawang Palace.