基于冠层温度的作物缺水研究进展

ADVANCES IN CANOPY-TEMPERATURE-BASED CROP WATER STRESS RESEARCH

冠层温度信息可以很好地反映作物的水分状况。自 2 0世纪 70年代以来 ,基于冠层温度的作物缺水指标的研究经历了三个阶段 ,即单纯研究冠层温度本身变化特征的第一阶段、以冠层能量平衡原理为基础的作物水分胁迫指数的第二阶段和考虑冠层和土壤的复合温度的水分亏缺指数的第三阶段。指标的发展也由使用手持式红外辐射仪信息扩大到使用航空和卫星遥感信息。这一类指标在点和区域尺度上均可应用。加强这一类指标的研究对于我国北方地区农作物的有效灌溉和区域水资源的管理都有重要意义。

Canopy temperature is a good indicator of crop water status. This paper reviews the advances in the index for crop water stress statue based on canopy temperature and its applications. The development of the indices can be divided into three stages. In the first stage, only canopy temperature under different water status was taken into considered. In the second stage, Crop Water Stress Index, which was based on canopy energy balance and used the hand hold infrared thermometry, was represented. In the third stage, the Water Deficit Index was represented, which is based on canopy soil composite temperature, and can use the information from the hand hold, airborne and satellite based infrared sensor. These indices can be used for irrigation scheduling, predicting crop yields and drought monitoring in the regions, etc. There remain be some problems in these indices and its application, which is addressed in this paper.