西天山成矿带铁矿床地质特征及研究进展

Geological Characteristics of Iron Ore Deposits in the Western Tianshan Mountains Metallogenic Belt and Its Research Situation

西天山成矿带位于伊犁地块东缘,该成矿带发育大量海相火山岩型铁矿床。近年来,随着新疆新一轮铁矿找矿勘查与评价的开展,西天山成矿带勘查工作取得重大进展,相继发现了查岗诺尔、智博、备战、敦德、松湖等大型富铁矿床,该成矿带已成为新疆乃至全国重要的大型富铁矿成矿带之一。但该成矿带铁矿床研究目前仍处于初步阶段,铁矿床成因机制的研究程度较低,成矿动力学背景的讨论仍存争议,大规模铁矿床富集机制亟待解决,该类型铁矿床的勘查找矿标志急需总结。在综述国内外铁矿床分类及研究进展的基础上,分析了西天山成矿带重要铁矿床的地质特征和研究现状,并据此提出了存在的主要问题和研究展望,旨在推动西天山铁矿床的成因研究和找矿勘查。

Many marine volcanic type iron oxide ore deposits are exposed along the Awulale Iron Metallogenic Belt in the eastern part of the Yili block, which is an elongated wedge-shape tract tapering to a point. Recently, numerous large-scale high-grad iron ore deposits have been found consecutively in the Western Tianshan Orogen with the new round of ore prospecting exploration and evaluation in Xinjiang province, especially in the Awulale Iron Metallogenic Belt. Therefore, this metallogenic belt has become a significant high-grade iron metallogenic belt in Xinjiang province and even in China. However, these iron ore deposits have so far insufficient studies on metallogenesis. Additionally, the metallogenic tectonic setting is still a subject of the intense discussion. Furthermore, the enrichment mechanism of Fe element and the indicator for further prospecting should be summarized urgently. Based on the research progress of iron ore deposits in the world, in this contribution we summarize the geological characteristics and present the research situation of the significant iron ore deposits in the Western Tianshan Mountains Metallogenic Belt. We also discuss the existing problems in the research and propose some research prospects in order to promote the study on the metallogenesis of these ore deposits and further ore prospecting exploration in the Western Tianshan Mountains.