低温驯化对阿里山潜蝇茧蜂的影响

Effect of cold acclimation on Fopius arisanus (Sonan)

研究了低温驯化对阿里山潜蝇茧蜂Fopius arisanus(Sonan)的影响,结果显示,阿里山潜蝇茧蜂雌雄成蜂SCP、FP均随驯化时间的延长呈先升高后下降的趋势,当处理时间为24 h时,雌雄成蜂SCP、FP均达到最高值,(SCP分别为雌-7.66±0.27℃、雄-7.22±0.31℃,FP分别为雌-2.95±0.16℃、雄-2.58±0.23℃)与对照差异显著;处理时间为72 h时,雌雄成蜂SCP、FP均达到最低值(SCP分别为雌-9.76±0.30℃、雄-8.98±0.28℃,FP分别为雌-5.08±0.23℃、雄-4.28±0.28℃),但与对照无显著性差异;相同处理时间,雄虫SCP值高于雌虫。从头年的12月份到次年的3月份,随着时间的推移,阿里山潜蝇茧蜂越冬雌雄蜂的SCP、FP均低于室内饲养的对照组,到次年3月份雌雄虫SCP、FP均降至最低值(SCP分别为雌-12.24±0.23℃、雄-11.37±0.26℃,FP分别为雌-6.65±0.24℃、雄-5.81±0.24℃),且同月份雌蜂的SCP、FP均低于雄蜂。阿里山潜蝇茧蜂越冬代成蜂寄生率及其子代的羽化率均随时间的推移先下降后上升,但均低于对照组;寄生率及其子代的羽化率均在次年2月份时降至最低(寄生率为37.12±1.04,羽化率为9.68±0.47),且与对照组相比差异显著。

The effects of cold acclimation on Fopius arisanus （Sonan） were studied. The results showed that the supercooling point （SCP） and freezing point （FP） of both female and male adults of F. arisanus would increase first then decrease as the extension of time. The SCP and FP would reach the highest at 24 h （for female the SCP was -7.66 ±0. 27℃ and FP -2.95 ±0. 16℃ ; for male the SCP was -7.22 ±0. 31℃ and FP -2.58 ±0.23℃ ） and the lowest at 72h （for female tile SCP was -9.76 ±0. 30℃ and FP - 5.08 ±0.23℃ ; for male the SCP was - 8.98 ± 0. 28℃ and FP - 4.28 ± 0.28℃ ） , the highest had significant difference however the lowest had no significant difference compared to the control. The SCP and FP of males＇ were higher than females＇ during the time. The SCP and FP of overwintering females and males of F. arisanus were lower than the control from the last December to the next March and both reached the lowest at the next March （for female the SCP was - 12.24 ±0.23℃ and FP -6.65±0.24℃; for male the SCPwas -11.37 ±0.26℃ and FP -5.81 ±0.24℃）. At the same time the SCP and FP of females＇ were lower than males＇. The parasitism rate of overwintering females and the emergence rate of offspring would decrease first then increase but still be lower than the control. Both would reach the lowest during the next February （The parasitism rate was 37.12 ±1.04 and the emergence rat was 9.68 ± 0.47） and there had significant difference compared to the control.