前裂长管茧蜂低温储存技术的研究

Cold storage technique of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead)

前裂长管茧蜂Diachasmimorpha longicaudata(Ashmead)是桔小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel)及多种其他实蝇害虫幼虫期重要的天敌寄生蜂。本文研究了该蜂低温储存的适宜虫期、温度和时间条件。结果表明,在5℃条件下12日龄的前裂长管茧蜂受低温影响最小,储存3 d后羽化率达94.67%,与对照的95.33%无显著差异;储存6 d后蜂蛹羽化率下降到70.00%,低于对照但高于其他日龄。相同日龄的前裂长管茧蜂随着储存时间的延长,其羽化率逐渐降低,甚至不羽化。为进一步研究冷存对前裂长管茧蜂品质的影响,以储存温度(2、5、8、11和14℃)和储存时间(3、6、9和12 d)为参试因子,对12日龄前裂长管茧蜂冷藏后的羽化率、繁殖子代数、繁殖子代雌蜂数、子代性比、雌蜂寿命、发育历期以及种群趋势指数进行综合分析。结果表明:12日龄的前裂长管茧蜂在8℃下储存3 d,其种群趋势指数为29.32;14℃下储存6 d和9 d的种群趋势指数分别为32.85和27.04,均高于对照的25.16。因此上述组合是前裂长管茧蜂蛹低温储存的适宜条件。

Optimal conditions for cold storage of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata （Ashmead） were studied in this paper. Results showed that the 12 -day-old D. Iongicaudata （at the stage of pupa） was the optimal stage for cold storage because it was less susceptive to the low temperature. Its emergence rate reached 94.67% when stored at 5℃ for 3 days, which was close to the control, 95.33%. Its emergence rate decreased to 70.00% when stored for 6 days, however which was quite higher than other treatments. The effect of cold storage on the population quality of 12 - day-old D. longicaudata was evaluated from the aspects of developmental duration, emergence rates, fecundity, sex ratio of the offspring, female longevity, and index of population trend （ I value） , D. longicaudata pupae were stored at 2, 5, 8, 11 and 14℃ for periods of 3, 6, 9 and 12 days, separately. The optimal storage conditions for D. longicaudata pupa were to store at 8℃ for 3 d and 14℃ for less than 9 d, their I value were close or even a little higher than the control ones, 25. 16.