海岸带生态安全评估技术研究进展

The progress of coastal zone's ecological security assessment technology

自然灾害、城镇扩展及人类活动干扰在很大程度上影响着海岸带生态安全。归纳了国内外海岸带生态安全的研究热点,国内主要集中在生态安全管理、评估、格局规划3个方面,国外学者侧重于研究海岸带综合管理、环境演化及灾害预测、生态系统健康评价、风险评价等方面。生态安全评估是实施生态环境管理与保护行动的基础工作,但国内外现有研究中对海岸带生态安全的评估还没有统一的标准。针对海岸带生态安全的特点,对比相关概念模型、评价方法的优缺点,采用指标重要值的方法确定了海岸带生态安全评估指标的重要性程度。最后,基于"驱动力—压力—状态—响应"概念框架模型,提出海岸带生态安全评估的指标体系框架,以期为海岸带生态安全评估提供参考。

Natural disasters, urban expansion and the disturbance of human activities have great influence on the coastal ecological security. This paper summarizes the loci of research on coastal ecological security at home and a- broad. Domestic studies are mainly involved in eco-safety management, eco-safety evaluation and eco-safety spatial structure, foreign scholars focus on integrated managing mode, environmental evolution and disaster prediction, eco- system health assessment and risk assessment. Ecological security assessment is the basic work of environmental management and protection, but there has been a lack of uniform standard for coastal ecological security assessment system in the research conducted so far. This paper explores merits and demerits of conceptual model and evaluation method, by using indicator importance to assess the value of important ecological security and the importance of selec- ting evaluation indicators. In the end, based on the ＂driving force-pressure-state-response＂ model, this paper recom- mends the framework of index system as a reference for further study in the future.