卟啉金属有机骨架材料的合成及其在催化反应中的应用

Synthesis and Applications in Catalysis of Porphyrinic Metal-Organic Frameworks

金属有机骨架(metal-organic frameworks,MOFs)材料不仅具有非常高的孔隙率和表面积,而且其骨架结构可调控性强,容易实现功能化。功能性MOFs材料是近年发展起来的均相催化剂多相化的有效方法之一。均相催化剂金属卟啉具有很好的催化活性,卟啉构建功能性MOFs材料主要通过两种方式:一种是卟啉作为有机构筑模块制备MOFs材料,另一种是将金属卟啉封装到MOFs内部。卟啉MOFs材料因集合了MOFs的微观结构可调控性和仿酶催化剂金属卟啉的特殊催化活性而引起广泛关注。本文介绍了卟啉MOFs材料的设计合成策略及近年来卟啉MOFs材料在催化领域中的应用,并对其催化应用趋势作了展望,以期对卟啉MOFs材料的设计合成及其催化性能有比较全面的认识。

Heterogeneous catalysis is one of the promising applications for metal-organic frameworks （MOFs） materials because of their high porosity, large surface areas and their flexible tailoring. An attractive approach to design MOFs-based catalysts is to heterogenize them by employing known homogeneous molecular catalysts as struts. In view of the enormous utility as active sites in metallo-enzymes, metalloporphyrin is obvious candidates for incorporation into MOFs as catalytically functional struts. Many efficient strategies have been established for the rational design and synthesis of catalytically functional porphyrinic MOFs. This review is aimed to summarize recent progress on porphyrinic MOFs, including new synthesis strategies and applications in catalysis. The development trends of porphyrinic MOFs are also prospected.