2Lingman J E,Coury A,Newman 0 M, et al. comparison of results of perautaneous nephrostolithatomy and extracpreal shock wave tithotripsy [J]. Urdogy, 1997, 138: 485-490.
5Yagisawa T,Kobayasha C ,Ishikawa N ,et al. Benefits of wreteoscpic pneumatic tithotripsy for the treatment of impaeted ureteral stones [J]. J Endourd, 2001, 15:697-699.
4Kourambas J, Byrne R R, Preminger G M. Does a ureteral access sheath facilitate ureteroscopy[J]? J Urol,2001,165: 789-793.
5Jiang H,Wu Z,Ding Q, et al. Ureteroscopic treatment of ureteral calculi with holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy[J]. J Endourol,2007, 21:151-154.
6Johnson D B, Pearle M S. Complications of ureteroscopy[J]. Urol Clin North Am,2004,31: 157-171.
7Wolf J S Jr. Treatment selection and outcomes: ureteral calculi [J]. Urol Clin North Am,2007, 34:421-430.
8Honeck P, Hacker A, Alken P, et al. Shock wave lithotripsy versus ureteroscopy for distal ureteral calculi: a prospective study[J]. Urol Res,2006,34 : 190-192.
9El-Assmy A, El-Nahas A R, Mohsen T, et al. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of upper urinary tract calculi in patients with cystectomy and urinary diversion[J]. Urology,2005,66: 510-513.
10Anagnostou T, Tolley D. Management of ureteric stones[J]. Eur Urol,2004,45: 714-721.
