城区与农村老年人心理健康状况的比较

Mental Health Status of Old People in Urban and Rural Areas

目的了解城区与农村老年人心理健康状况的差别,为进一步干预提供科学依据。方法采取整群抽样调查法,用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和一般情况调查表,分别对某区城区(城区组)和农村(农村组)老人各100例进行调查,比较两组SCL-90评分的差别。结果农村组SCL-90阳性项目数以及躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执因子分明显高于城区组(t=5.265,3.176,2.329,2.646,2.129,3.758;P<0.05),但强迫、人际关系因子分低于城区组(t=2.059,8.396;P<0.05);两组阳性项目数和抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子分以及农村组躯体化、城区组人际关系因子分高于国内常模(P均<0.05)。结论城区和农村老人心理健康均处于较低水平状态,而农村老人心理健康状况更差。

Objective To explore the difference between the mental health status of old people in urban and rural areas,and provide scientific data for further intervention. Methods A total of 200 old people in urban and rural areas were assigned into the urban group and the rural group by a cluster random sampling survey. Each had 100 cases. These old people were investigated with the questionnaire about general condition and were evaluated with the Symptom Checklist 90 （ SCL - 90）. To compare and analyze the difference of the scores of SCL - 90 between both groups. Results The factors scores of SCL - 90 with somatization, depression, anxiety, photic anxiety, stubborn and the number of positive project in the rural group were significantly higher than those in the urban group（ t = 5. 265,3. 176, 2. 329,2. 646,2. 129,3. 758;P 〈 0.05 ）. But their compel and sensitive interpersonal relationship scores were on the contrary （t = 2.059, 8. 396;P 〈 0.05）. Depression, anxiety, photic anxiety factors scores and the number of positive project in both groups were significantly higher than the Chinese norm. So as the scores of somatization factor in the rural group and sensitive interpersonal relationship factor in the urban group（ all P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The mental health status of old people in urban or rural areas is in the low level. That of old people in the rural areas is much worse.