听障儿童适应行为及其与父母教养方式的相关研究

The Adaptive Behavior of Hearing Impaired Children and Its Relationship with Parenting Style

目的探讨听障儿童的适应行为发展状况及其与父母教养方式的关系。方法采用问卷法，对68名1—3岁的听障儿童的适应行为和父母教养方式进行调查。结果听障儿童的适应行为发展存在明显的交往异常；听障儿童在作业操作方面性别差异显著（t=-2．008，P〈0．05），听障儿童在交往方面的年龄差异显著（t=-2．289，P〈0．05），相关分析结果表明父母教养方式的溺爱性与适应行为及独立生活能力、作业操作呈显著或非常显著的负相关（r=-0．298，-0．255，-0．396；P〈0．05）；民主性与作业操作呈显著正相关（r=0．258，P〈0．05）；放任性与适应行为及独立生活、运动、作业操作、自我管理呈显著或非常显著的负相关（r=-0．378，-0．477，-0．298，0．418，-0．323；P〈0．05）；专制性与作业操作呈显著负相关（r=-0.283，P〈0.05）。结论听障儿童的交往能力较差，民主性教养方式有利于听障儿童适应行为的发展。

Objective To explore the adaptive behavior of heating impaired children and its relationship with parenting style. Methods Using the method of questionnaire, the adaptive behavior and parenting style of 68 hearing impaired children aged between 1 - 3 years old were examined. Results Communication competence of hearing impaired children was significant abnormality. The heating impaired children had significantly gender differences in occupation（ t = -2. 008 ,P 〈 0.05 ） ,The girls was better than boys. The heating impaired children had significantly age differences in communication（ t =-2. 289 ,P 〈 0.05 ） ,2 -year-old was better than 1 - year -old. Spoiled parenting styles had a significantly negative correlation with adaptive behavior and self-help, occupation （ r = -0. 298,-0. 255 ;P 〈 0. 05 ; r = -0. 396, P 〈 0.01 ）. Democratic parenting style had a significantly positive correlation with occupation （ r = 0. 258, P 〈 0.05 ）. Indulgent parenting styles had a significantly negative correlation with adaptive behavior and self-help,locomotion, occupation, self-direction （ r = -0. 378, -0. 477 ; P 〈 0. 01 ; r = -0. 298, P 〈 0. 05 ; r = -0. 418, -0. 323 ; P 〈 0.01 ）. Authoritarian parenting style had a significantly negative correlation with occupation（ r =-0. 283, P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Communication competence of heating impaired children is poor,and democratic parenting style is conducive to adaptive behavior of heating impaired children.