状态焦虑、刺激呈现时间、特质焦虑水平对注意偏向影响的实验研究

Experimental Study of Attentional Bias to Threat Information in Trait Anxious Individuals under the Condition of Different State Anxiety,Stimulus Threat Value and Exposure Duration of Stimulus

目的探讨特质焦虑者不同焦虑水平条件下对不同威胁水平图片注意偏向的特点。方法采用中文版《状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)》的特质焦虑问卷(T-AI)和Marlowe-Crowne社会期望量表筛选被试。从500名大学生中筛选出48名被试,其中,低、高特质焦虑者各24名。结果高特质焦虑组对高威胁图片注意偏向分-12.72分(t=-1.07,P>0.05)。高特质焦虑组对低威胁图片注意偏向分23.3分(t=2.65,P<0.05)。低特质焦虑组对高威胁图片注意偏向分12.52分(t=1.19,P>0.05)。对于低威胁情绪图片刺激,低特质焦虑组注意偏向分-14.95分(t=-1.72,P>0.05)。结论情绪图片呈现时间为1250ms时,高特质焦虑组在高状态焦虑条件下对低威胁刺激警觉,对高威胁刺激没有明显的注意偏向。同样的条件下,低特质焦虑组对低、高威胁刺激都没有注意偏向。

Objective On the base of the main effect of state anxiety, to examine the influence of high and low threat pictures on trait anxiety individuals＂ attentional bias. Methods The Trait Anxiety scale （ STAT - T） of Spielberger and Marlowe - Crowne Social Desira- bility Scale were applied in the study. There were 96 participants selected from 500 persons, in which 48 of high or low trait anxiety group were included respectively. Applying the dot probe task, the reation time to threat pictures of 96 subjects were measured. Results Score of the high trait anxiety individuals＂ attentional bias to high threat pictures was -12.72 points, t = -1.07, P 〉 0. 05. Score of the high trait anxiety individuals＇attentional bias to low threat pictures was 23.3 points ：t = 2. 65 ,P 〈 0.05. Score of the low trait anxiety individuals＇attentional bias to high threat pictures was 12.52 points：t = 1.19 ,P 〉 0. 05. Score of the low trait anxiety individuals＇attentional bias to low threat pictures was -14.95 points ：t = -1.72,P 〉 0. 05. Conclusion Under the condition of hish state anxiety and exposure duration of 1250 ms, the high trait anxiety individuals are vigilant to the low threat Stimulus. Under the same condition, there are not attentional bias in the low trait anxiety individuals.