身体与符号

Bodies and Signs

借助符号学的推动,“身体”以其社会建构的身体观与诸多领域相关涉而成为现代哲学研究的关键词,反之,“符号”也因其对身体的建构而后来居上,成为社会批判、权力诊断、文化分析的基本要素.然而, “身体”在借“符号”而“显”的同时又构成了“隐”的困境,即符号建构中的身体是一个沉默的、无声息的身体；在符号学的话语实践上,这一困境表现为话语决定论中的“能动性难题”.女性主义者巴特勒试图以其“操演”理论在话语符号系统内部解决福柯、拉康等社会建构论者理论中的能动性难题,但其最终所提供的策略——“作为被排除之物的身体的破坏性回归”,又构成了其身体建构论立场的反对项,这一悖谬或许促使我们超越西方的文化、哲学语境中重新思考身体的肉体性.

By virtue of the development of semiotics, ＂body＂ has been becoming a key term in contemporary philosophy＇s exploration of the notion of a ,socially constructed body. Conversely, ＂sign＂ has become the basic clemcnt of cultural analysis for its contribution to the construction of body. However, body is invested with a prominent image whilesimultaneously forming the problem of hiddenness, which can be stated as ＂the problem of agency＂. Butler has developed a theory of ＂performativity＂ to face the issues of discourse determinism, but she eventually falls into the conflict with the notion of flesh, which oversteps her corr^tructed body premise. We are, therefore, compelled to rethink thc flesh bady in a new context, and even to explore the problem beyond the frame of Western cultural and philosophical thought.