历史深处有回声(一):近代科技社团管理体制对当代的启示

Inspirations from Management System of Modern Science and Technology Societies

作为民间科学组织,近代科技社团能在近代中国的困境中生存、发展,与科技社团管理体制有密不可分的关系。在外部管理体制上,政府对科技社团实行分类治理,彰显了科技社团在社团组织中的不同地位,促进了近代科技社团的发展。在内部管理体制中,近代科技社团在组织结构上建立了总会—分会的结构;在领导体制上实行决策权和执行权分离,并建立了科技社团内部的民主监督机制;在会员管理上则实行分类管理,并建立了赞助会员制度等。这些举措有效地保障了近代科技社团的独立性和民主性,促进了近代科技社团的发展,值得当代借鉴。

The existence and development of science and technology societies in modem China was depended on the management system of association. In external administrative system, the government classified and gov erned the different social group based on their nature, which provided a foundation with greater potentials and a wider space for the development of science and technology societies. As to the internal management system, collectiondivision pattern of organizational structure, departed decisionmaking against decisionenforcing in leadership structure, classification and administration members were adopted by the societies, which kept the democratic and independence of science and technology societies in modern China. All of valuable experience in the management of social group in modern China was worth using for reference.