冲击地压矿井巷道支护理论研究及应用

Study of tunnel support theory of rockburst in coal mine and its application

针对现有支护理论、支护方法不能有效解决煤矿巷道冲击地压的问题,建立了冲击地压作用下的巷道围岩与支护响应的动力学模型,分析了支护刚度和支护阻尼对上覆岩体动力响应的影响,并由此提出了冲击地压矿井巷道支护设计的两个新思路,即提高支护刚度和快速吸能让位支护。其中,提高支护刚度主要以研制高强度的巷道液压支架为主,通过采用刚度较大的梁体和工作阻力较高的液压支柱来增加支护体系的整体刚度;快速吸能让位支护则采用多孔泡沫金属材料或吸能构件来增大支护中的阻尼系数,即利用其优异的吸能特性使支护体系能够在围岩冲击下快速吸收冲击能并稳定地变形让位,最终防止支护体系失效与巷道破坏,并据此研发了一种新型防冲吸能巷道液压支架并准备进行现场试验研究。

According to the supporting problems of the rockburst in coal mine which cannot be effectively dealt with by current support theories and methods, two new support methods that increasing support stiffness and rapid energy-absorption support were proposed, based on studying of surrounding rocks and support dynamic response in the rockburst. Hydraulic support, which consists of high strength bracket beams and powerful working resistance props, was proposed to be applied to increase support stiffness;whereas foam metal materials and energy-absorption components which are able to absorb energy rapidly in a stable manner, were exploited to form an organic and anti-impact supporting system in collaboration with other rigid supports. So a new kind of anti-impact and energy-absorption hydraulic support was designed to solve the supporting problem of rockburst in coal mine.