六种杀菌剂对柑橘炭疽病菌的室内毒力和田间防治效果

In vitro toxicity and field control effect of six fungicides to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing citrus anthracnose

为了筛选高效、低毒、无公害的防治柑橘炭疽病(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.)的杀菌剂,采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法分别测定了吡唑醚菌酯、嘧菌酯、咪鲜胺、唑醚·代森联、甲基硫菌灵和丙森锌对柑橘炭疽病菌的室内毒力。室内测定结果表明:6种杀菌剂对柑橘炭疽病菌菌丝抑制的有效中浓度(EC50)分别为0.81,2.58,0.066,4.97,1 555.15和237.98μg·mL-1,吡唑醚菌酯、嘧菌酯、咪鲜胺和唑醚·代森联对该病孢子萌发EC50分别为0.93,14.34,4.47和5.29μg·mL-1。田间试验结果表明:嘧菌酯、咪鲜胺、丙森锌和唑醚·代森联在试验剂量下对炭疽病的防效在95%以上。综合室内外试验结果得知,嘧菌酯、咪鲜胺、丙森锌和唑醚·代森联是防治柑橘炭疽病的有效药剂。

In order to obtain fungicides with high efficiency , low toxicity , and less pollution in controlling citrus an-thracnose, which caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz., the toxicity of pyraclostrobin , azoxystrobin, pro-chloraz, pyraclostrobin· me-tiram, thiophanate-methyl and iprovalicarb to a strain of C.gloeosporioides was respec-tively tested by mycelium growth rate and spore germination .The results showed that the effective dose to reduce my-celial growth of C.gloeosporioides by 50%（EC50 values） were 0.81, 2.58, 0.066, 4.97, 1555.15 and 237.98 μg ·mL^-1 , whereas the EC 50 values of spore germination to pyraclostrobin , azoxystrobin , prochloraz and pyraclostrobin·me-tiram were 0.93 , 14.34 , 4.47 and 5.29μg·mL^-1 .Field experiments showed that 95%of above citrus anthrac-nose could be inhibited by azoxystrobin , prochloraz , iprovalicarb and pyraclostrobin· me-tiram with the recommended concentrations on citrus anthracnose .Conclusively , azoxystrobin , prochloraz , iprovalicarb and pyraclostrobin＆#183; me-ti-ram are effective in controlling citrus anthracnose .