肝脏淋巴瘤的超声声像图特征

Sonographic characteristic of hepatic lymphoma

目的探讨肝脏淋巴瘤超声声像图的特征。方法回顾性分析2003年3月至2013年3月四川大学华西医院经手术切除和病理确诊的15例肝脏淋巴瘤的超声表现,其中原发性肝淋巴瘤4例,继发性肝淋巴瘤11例,2例采用超声造影检查(1例为原发性肝淋巴瘤,1例为继发性肝淋巴瘤)。结果常规超声发现有9例肝脏占位,其中原发性肝淋巴瘤4例,继发性肝淋巴瘤5例;6例继发性者肝内未见占位。原发性肝淋巴瘤2例单发,2例多发,所有肿块二维超声均表现为低回声;3例合并肝脏肿大。5例有明显肿块的继发性淋巴瘤表现为2例单发,3例多发,其中3例肿块二维超声表现为低回声,1例为高回声,1例为等回声;3例肝脏肿大合并2例脾脏肿大及1例脾脏内片状低回声区。6例肝内未见占位的继发性者脾脏均肿大,4例肝脏肿大,1例脾脏内可见片状低回声区。1例原发性肝淋巴瘤超声造影后表现为团块动脉期周边呈厚环状轻度高增强;1例继发性肝淋巴瘤超声造影后表现为团块动脉期不均匀强化,中央见小片无强化区。结论肝脏淋巴瘤多表现为肝内单发或多发低回声团块,边界清楚,血流不丰富,造影以动脉期周边不均匀增强为主;肝或脾肿大而常规超声未发现占位者不能完全排除肝淋巴瘤浸润的可能。

Objective To investigate the sonographic characteristic of hepatic lymphoma. Methods Fifteen patients with pathological proven hepatic lymphomas （4 primary and 11 secondary hepatic lymphomas） were included in this retrospective study. All the 15 patients underwent conventional B-mode ultrasound examinations. Two patients （one with primary lymphoma and another with secondary lymphoma） underwent contrast enhanced ultrasonography （CEUS）. Results In the conventional ultrasonography, hepatic masses were detected in 9 patients （4 primary and 5 secondary lymphomas）. No hepatic mass was detected in the remaining 6 patients with pathological proven secondary lymphomas. For the 4 patients with detectable primary masses, 2 had a single mass and 2 had multiple masses. All primary hepatic lymphomas were hypoechoic. For the 5 patients with detectable secondary masses, 2 had a single mass and 3 had multiple masses, The hypoechoic lymphomas were found in 3 patients, while hyperechoic and isoechoic lymphomas were found in the other 2 patients. In the 4 patients with primary hepatic lymphomas, 3 had hepatomegaly, while none of the 4 patients had splenomegaly. In the 5 patients with detectable secondary masses, hepatomegaly was found in 3 patients in whom 2 had splenomegaly and 1 had a plate-shaped hypoechoic region within spleen. For the 6 patients without detectable secondary masses, splenomegaly was found in all 6 patients and hepatomegaly was found in 4 patients. In the spleen of one patient, a plate-shaped hypoechoic region was detected in the B-mode ultrasonography. In the CEUS, the primary lymphoma presented a thick ring region with slight enhancement peripheral to the mass during the hepatic artery phase; while the secondary lymphoma presented the uneven enhancement pattern with a small plate-shaped region unenhanced in its center during the hepatic artery phase. Conclusions In ultrasonography, the patients with hepatic lymphomas commonly present a single or multiple hypoechoic well-defined hepatic masses, poor blood flow and uneven enhancement peripheral to the mass during the hepatic artery phase of CEUS. Other sonographic characteristic include hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. No mass is detected in ultrasonography can not exclude the diagnosis of hepatic lymphoma.