自然灾害及政府救助对农户收入与消费的影响:来自汶川大地震的经验

The Effects of Natural Disaster and Government Aid on the Income and Consumption of Rural Households:Evidence from Wenchuan Earthquake

本文基于独特的2007年和2009年四川省农村家庭微观调查数据,分析汶川大地震对农户家庭收入和消费的影响。我们发现地震造成农户收入下降,但人力资本和非农务工对于缓解地震对收入的负向冲击具有显著作用。政府发放的生活补助款项起到对于收入下降的弥补作用,也使得农户的消费水平在震后保持较快增长。然而,政府提供的住房重建补贴和贷款却不足以负担农户的建房成本。

Using a unique rural household survey data in Sichuan collected in 2007 and 2009, we analyze the effect of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake on income and consumption of farm households. On average, household income declined substantially after the earthquake, although we have identified human capital and non-agricultural employment as important in- come-stabilizingfactors. Living subsidies from the government are more than enough to offset losses in annual income, and help to stabilize consumption after the earthquake. On the other hand, special government aid and bank loans for housing reconstruction are not sufficient to cover all housing-rebuilding expenditures.