企业创新、生命周期与聚集经济

Firm Innovation,Life Cycle and Agglomeration Economies

企业创新会受其所处生命周期阶段及所在城市其他企业在地理上集聚而产生的外部经济影响。本文运用2007年中国规模以上工业企业数据进行实证研究,发现企业的创新在生命周期不同阶段会受益于不同的聚集经济:新生或年轻企业的创新更多地受益于产业多样化带来的雅各布外部经济,成熟企业的创新则更多地受益于产业专业化带来的马歇尔外部经济。本文为文献中关于马歇尔外部性还是雅各布外部性更促进企业创新的争论提供了新的经验检验证据。

Firms＇ innovation will be affected by its age and the cluster of other firms in the same geographical unit. In this paper, we employ the micro-level Chinese manufacturing data to analyze the relationship of firms＇ innovation and economies of agglomeration from the perspective of firm life cycle. The empirical results suggest that new or young firms are more likely to benefit from Jacobs externalities, and mature or old firms may benefit more from Marshall Externalities. We solve the long existing dispute on which externality improves firms＇ innovationin an original way.