拔牙术后应用含漱液与抗菌药物控制感染效果观察

Effect of use of gargles and antibiotics on control of infections after tooth extraction

目的比较局部应用金栀含漱液与全身应用抗菌药物在预防阻生第三磨牙拔除后感染的效果。方法选择2012年3月-2013年3月医院门诊行第三磨牙阻生牙拔除术的患者共153例,患牙336颗,按照术后处理方式不同分为A组(拔牙后全身应用抗菌药物)、B组(拔牙后局部应用含漱液)和C组(拔牙后未用药物对照组),每组各51例;Excel建立数据库,采用SPSS18.0统计软件分析。结果阻生第三磨牙拔出后采用抗菌药物的A组患者仅1例有感染发生,有效率为98.04%,而采用含漱液的B组患者中发生感染的有7例,有效率为86.27%,未服用药物的C组患者发生术后感染的有11例,有效率为78.43%;按照阻生牙拔除术相关操作拔除阻生的第三磨牙后A组患者给予阿莫西林,B组患者给予金栀含漱液,C组患者术后不作任何处理,所有患者一周后复诊,观察拔牙创愈合情况以及患者自行感觉情况。结论预防阻生第三磨牙拔出术后感染局部应用含漱液的效果,尚不能完全替代全身性应用抗菌药物。

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of Jinzhi gargles and systemic use of antibiotics on prevention of infections after the extraction of third impacted molars. METHODS A total of 153 patients who underwent the third impacted molars in the outpatient department from Mar 2012 to Mar 2013 were enrolled in the study, including 336 teeth. then the subjects were divided into the group A（ systemic use of antibiotics after the extraction）. the group B （ topical use of gargles after the extraction）. and the group C （ without use of antibiotics after extraction） according to the treatment approaches. with 51 cases in each; the database was established by using Excel. and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of SPSS18. 0 software. RESULTS After the extraction of third impacted molars. the infections occurred in one case in the group A with the effective rate of 98. 04 %. 7 cases in the group B with the effective rate of 86. 27 %. 11 cases in the group C with the effective rate of 78. 43 %. The group A was treated with amoxicillin after the implementation of related operations of the extraction of third impacted molars. the group B treated with Jinzhi gargles. while the group C was not treated with any treatment approach; all the patients underwent the return visits one week after the treatment. and the wound healings and the feelings of the patients were observed. CONCLUSION For the effect on prevention of infections after the extraction of third impacted molars. the systemic use of antibiotics still can not be replaced by the topical use of antibiotics.