救亡之梦——蔡元培救国救世思想探析

A Dream of Salvation: Analysis of National and Social Salvation Thoughts of Cai Yuanpei

民国初期知识分子所面对的一个突出难题就是如何拯救国家危亡、改变社会现状。蔡元培在总结、吸收前人救亡思想的基础上提出了自己的救亡策略,那就是以教育作为救国的途径、以美育作为救世的手段、以互助论作为建立理想社会的良方。由于种种原因,蔡元培的救亡方案在实践中以失败而告终,但是给近代中国的社会变革还是带来了很大启迪,值得我们深入探讨。

Males in the Han Dynasty, with the male gender as superiority, took unique advantages in officialdom selection. However, there were those who would improve their social and political status via marriage, that is, they would marry women of rich families with the political background in order to expand their social influence; they would become successful in official careers by ＂Shang Zhu＂; they would obtain prominent positions by ＂Se＂. All these caused negative impact on the Han society.