不同医学专业及语言背景下动物外科教学探析

Comprehensive analysis of teaching methods in experimental animal surgery for students withdifferent majors and languages

目的：评价不同专业和语言背景的学生动物外科手术学的学习情况，为提高教学质量提供依据。方法依据与临床手术操作工作的紧密程度，将南方医科大学2009级10个专业和2类留学生共1105人，分为5组，分3轮对其动物外科教学质量进行测试。结果采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析，计量资料两组间比较使用t检验，多组组间方差分析使用One Way ANOVA法，等级资料组间比较采用非参数Mann-Whitney U秩和检验。同时结合课堂情况探析其课程设置的优缺点，讨论可改进的方法。结果临床组与临床专科组在无菌术和手术操作技能方面比较差异无统计学意义（P=0.739），但优于辅助科组（P=0.004），而通过汉语托福的留学生1组又明显优于委培的留学生2组（P=0.001）。上述差异在基本的无菌术和简单缝合技术上差别不明显，但在动物实际操作上较为明显。结论在不同的专业和语言背景下，应有区别地设置动物外科的教学进度和课程，尤其对于辅助专业和中文较差的留学生，应该将教学重点放在基础手术知识的培养上。

Objective To systematically evaluate the study of animal surgery course among medical students with different majors and languages so as to provide evidences for further improve-ment education quality. Methods Ten majors and two kinds of international medical students （in total of 1 105 students;2009 grade）of Southern Medical University were subdivided into five groups ac-cording to the relationship with clinical operative manipulation. Quality of experimental animal surgery education was tested respectively. Then SPSS 13.0 was used to statistically evaluate and analyze the data. Measurement data between two groups were compared by t-test,multi-group analysis of variance between groups was conducted using one-way ANOVA. Ranked data between groups were compared using non-parametric Mann-Whitney U rank sum test. Merits and demerits of the curriculum were dis-cussed by combing statistical results with in-class condition to provide evidences for further improve-ment. Results There was no significant difference between clinical group and clinical professional group in aseptic technique and operation skills （P=0.739）,but scores of the two groups were signifi-cant higher than that of associate group （P=0.004）. Moreover,scores of international students who passed Chinese TOEFL were significant higher than the others （P=0.001）. Differences between groups existed predominantly in the animal surgical practice rather than in basic theory or knot and sterilized methods. Conclusions For students with different majors and languages,different teaching key points should be paid attention to. Basic surgery techniques might be emphasized on for students with associ-ate clinical major and foreign students with poor Chinese language.