2012—2013年深圳市罗湖区印刷行业职业卫生现状调查

Present situation investigation on occupational hazards in printing industry in Luohu District of Shenzhen City from 2012-2013

目的通过了解深圳市罗湖区印刷行业职业危害及职业卫生管理现状,为该辖区印刷行业职业危害的有效控制提供基础数据。方法通过对罗湖区18家印刷企业基本生产状况、职业卫生管理现状、职业危害防护情况以及近2年罗湖区印刷企业工作场中职业病危害因素的检测结果进行调查。结果罗湖区印刷企业职业病危害因素有化学性危害因素,主要有丙酮、异丙醇、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、正已烷、乙酸丁酯、乙酸甲酯、二氯甲烷和甲醇,工作场所检测合格率为100%,2013年甲醇检测2个点有1个点不合格;物理因素主要是噪声,2012年合格率85.0%,2013年合格率为78.57%。在职业病防治管理方面,只有14家(77.78%)进行了职业病危害因素申报,但18家均没有职业卫生管理人员,岗前和离岗健康检查率只有27.78%和22.22%。结论在强化对印刷行业职业卫生监督管理的同时,更应持续加强对企业责任人职业卫生管理意识的强化,引导企业树立职业健康管理理念,从而实现企业自觉防制,员工自觉防护,达到减少职业危害发生的目的。

[ Objective] To understand the present situation of occupational hazards of printing industry in Luohu District of Shenzhen City, and provide basic data for occupational hazards control effectively. [ Methods ] A total of 18 printing enterprises in Luohn Dis trict were investigated for basic production conditions, management status of occupational health, occupational hazards protection conditions and occupational hazards test results of recent 2 years. [ Results ] The main occupational hazards in printing industry in Luohu District were chemical hazards such as acetone, isopropanol , benzene , toluene , xylene , n hexane, butyl acetate , meth yl acetate , dichloromethane and methanol whose qualified rate was 100% in workplace. One out of 2 methanol detecting points were unqualified in 2013. The main physical hazards were noise, the qualified rate was 85.0% in 2012 and 78.57% in 2013. In the aspect of occupational disease prevention and managementv only 14 enterprises（77.78% ）had declared occupational hazards, but all 18 enterprises had no occupational health managerial personnel. The preserviee and out of service health examination rate was 27.78% and 22.22% , respectively. [ Conclusion] It is necessary to strengthen the occupational health supervision and man agement in printing industry, to strengthen awareness of occupational health management among managers continuously, to guide enterprises to establish occupational health management concept, so as to made enterprises and employees control occupational haz ards consciously, and achieve the goals of reducing the incidence of occupational hazards.