针叶树诱导性防御反应研究进展

A Review of Induced Defenses in Conifers

在长期的进化过程中,针叶树逐步发展形成了由原生性防御和诱导性防御共同组成的防御体系,在抵抗机械损伤、病原菌侵染和植食性昆虫取食的过程中发挥了重要的作用。诱导性防御又分为结构防御和化学防御。文章分别从针叶树的周皮、韧皮部、木质部等组织结构的变化,萜烯类、酚类等化学防御物质的合成代谢等方面,描述了诱导性防御反应的特点和作用形式,总结了针叶树防御反应分子机制研究的最新进展。

In the long term evolution, conifers have developed an advanced defense system consists of preformed defenses and induced defen- ses, which plays an important role in responses to mechanical damage, pathogen infection and insect herbivores. Induced defenses are of two basic types ： constitutive defenses and chemical defenses. This review focus on the features and manifestations of induced defenses, described respectively anatomical changes in periderm, phloem and xylem, the biosynthesis of terpenoids and phenolics, and summarized latest progress of induced defenses molecular mechanism research.