鲁中山区大樱桃温室扣棚时间和升温时间分析

Analysis of Suitable Covering Time and Warming up Time of Cherry in Sunlight Greenhouse in Mountainous Region in Middle of Shandong

试验选取鲁中山区的3个大樱桃温室，进行从冬季扣棚开始至大樱桃升温期间温度等气象要素观测，同时结合温室管理人员对扣棚时间、升温时间的记录以及温室犬樱桃的生长状况，研究温室大樱桃的扣棚时间和最合适的井温时间。结果表明，鲁中山区温室大樱桃扣棚时间在12月中下旬，当该时期外界温度下降至一19．1℃时，花芽冻坏率为30％，建议在该时期强冷空气来临之前扣棚；升温时间在次年1月上旬，升温时间要在满足需冷量的前提下，根据试验结果，7．2℃模型的最小需冷量为1070h，0～7．2℃模型的需冷量为484h。

Three sunlight greenhouses in the mountainous area of middle region of Shandong Province were selected. The meteorological ele- ments such as temperature were observed from covering in winter to the temperature elevated. And combined the recording of covering time, warming up time and growth of cherry, the optimal covering time and warming up time of cherry in the sunlight house was studied. The results showed that, the optimal covering time of cherry in the sunlight house in the mountainous area of middle region of Shandong was in mid to late December. When the outside temperature drops to - 19.1 ℃ , 30% of flower buds were frozen. The covering time of cherry should be select- ed before the strong cold air coming. The suitable warming up time was in the first decades in January in the next year. Warming up should meet the chilling requirements. According to the test results, the least chilling requirement of 7.2 ℃ models was 1 070 hours, and the chilling requirement of 0 - 7.2 ℃ models was 484 hours.