不同地表覆盖对温室黄瓜根际土壤微生物和养分变化的影响

Effect of Soil Surface Mulching on Microorganisms and Nutrients of Rhizosphere Soil of Greenhouse Cucumber

以温室黄瓜为试材,进行地膜和玉米秸秆不同组合覆盖处理,在结果期通过测定根际土壤微生物和养分含量变化,分析探讨最佳处理方式和内在机理。结果表明:不同覆盖处理在结果期均明显提高根际土壤细菌细胞数量和有机质、全钾、碱解氮含量,秸秆+地膜双元覆盖效果优于单一秸秆或地膜覆盖,单一秸秆优于地膜但结果后期增加真菌数量易致植株病害发生。双元覆盖可使根际土壤微生物数量增加,促进秸秆分解和营养释放,增加土壤养分含量,DJ2处理优于DJ3和DJ1处理,与对照相比,结果后期DJ2处理提高根际土壤细菌、纤维分解菌细胞数量、有机质、全磷、全钾和碱解氮含量分别达82.78%,10.98%,20.83%,22.83%,5.16%和5.53%。

The cucumber was selected to study different surface mulching of combination of plastic film and maize straw on soil surface in greenhouse. Data of rhizosphere soil microorganisms and nutrients were measured to explore the best treatment and internal mechanism. The results showed that different treatments improved cell number of soil bacterial, increased content of soil organic matter, total K, and alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen in fruiting period. The treatments of straw added plastic film were better than the treatments of only straw or plastic film, and the treatment of straw was better than the treatment of plastic film, but increased the number of fungi which caused plant diseases. In the experiment, treatments of straw added plastic film promoted colony count of microorganisms, straw decomposition, and nutrient releasing, so that increased content of soil nutrients. In a word, DJ2 treatment was more than treatments of DJ3 and DJ1, compared with the contrast in later fruiting period, it increased cell number of soil bacteria and cellulose-decomposing, and content of soil organic matter, total P, total K, and alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen, which increased 82.78%, 10.98%, 20.83%, 22.83%, 5.16% and 5.53%, respectively.