论诺斯替主义与西尔科的世界融合观——以《沙丘花园》为例

On Gnosticism and Silko's Syncretism ——A Case Study of Gardens in the Dunes

美国当代印第安女作家西尔科创作的关切内容从最初的民族主义演进成一种融合观。这种转变在于,作家的视域不再局限于土著文化本身,也开始关注其他族裔、民族和国家的生存危机。同时,她的创作博采西方文化的元素,如诺斯替主义,来探寻其与印第安文化融合的可能性。在其第三部小说《沙丘花园》中,西尔科在诺斯替主义的启示下,找到土著文化与之的契合点,并通过对传统基督教教义的颠覆及对诺斯替主义的重新肯定,将诺斯替主义转化为印第安文化中拯救的精神动力,从而实现其世界融合观的构想。

Leslie Marmon Silko, a contemporary American Indian writer, has evolved her subject from simple nationalism to syncretism. The subject transition in her works is reflected clearly in her view of salvation that no longer just focuses on the issues of her own aboriginal culture but more on the living crises of other nations and countries. Meanwhile, Silko infuses other cultures and elements such as Gnosticism into her works to explore the possibility of her syncretism. In her third novel, Gardens in the Dunes, Silko, inspired by Gnosticism, finds the correspondence between American Indian culture and Gnosticism, through which she transforms Gnosticism into the spirit of salvation so as to achieve her assumption of worldwide syncretism.