社区高血压患者自我管理状况与生活质量的相关性分析

Correlation Analysis of Self-management Status and Quality of Life in Community Patients with Hypertension

目的探讨社区高血压患者的自我管理状况及其与生活质量的相关性。方法便利抽样选择上海市杨浦区长白社区符合入组原则的327例高血压患者,采用自我管理状况问卷及中文版健康调查简表(the medical outcomes study item short from health survey,SF-36)对其进行调查,了解患者自我管理和生活质量的得分情况,并分析其相关性。结果本组患者自我管理总分为(6.82±1.13)分,其中78例(23.85%)评分为好、72例(22.02%)为较好、64例(19.57%)为一般、113例(34.56%)为差;在自我管理各分项上,除坚持运动、按时随访及体质量控制外,其余的良好率均在50.0%以上;影响自我管理状况的因素有年龄、体质量指数、病程、血压控制情况、吸烟及生活质量;高血压患者SF-36得分低于常模(P<0.05),且自我管理状况各层面的得分和总分均与SF-36生理领域得分、心理领域得分和总分呈正相关(均P<0.05)。结论社区高血压患者的自我管理状况与其生活质量呈正相关,应提高社区高血压患者的自我管理水平,进一步提高其生活质量。

Objective To explore the correlation between self-management and quality of life in community patients with hypertension.Methods By convenience sampling,totally 327 patients with hypertension in Changbai community of Yangpu district were enrolled this study.The self-administered questionnaire and the Chinese version of the condition SF-36 quality of life scale were used to investigate patient＇s self-management and life quality conditions,and also analysis its correlationship.Results The total score of self-management was 6.82±1.13,including 23.85% of excellent,22.02% with good,19.57% with general and 34.56% with poor.Besides adhere to exercise,time to follow-up and quality control of the body,the rest levels in the self-management got the good rate above 50.0%.The factors affecting the status of self-management include age,body mass index,duration,blood pressure control condition,smoking and quality of life.The score of quality of life in patients with hypertension were lower than the normal（P〈0.05）,and positive correlations were observed between self-management situation scores with scores of physiological domain,psychological domain and quality of life（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The self-management of patients with hypertension is positively correlated with their quality of life.The community self-management of hypertensive patients should be promoted to improve their quality of life.