刑事被害人救助地方立法之比较——兼论刑事被害人国家救助制度的建立

Comparative Study on Local Legislation for Criminal Victims——Establishing the Rescue Systems of the Criminal Victim

2009年3月,中央八部委出台规定,要求各地根据自身情况制定被害人救助的具体实施办法,开展具体救助工作。无锡市、宁夏回族自治区和包头市人大常委会都制定了相应地方条例,通过对它们的比较分析,发现存在以下局限:与其他救助衔接方式不明,救助条件过于严苛,权利主体混乱,权利告知义务缺失和标准不确定。针对这些局限提出对建立刑事被害人国家救助制度的建议:明确与其他救助结合方式,协调相互关系;关注犯罪危害结果,给予有需要的被害人切实帮助;确定救助性质,弄清权利主体;规定告知义务,方便权利主体行使权利;与审查机关所在地经济发展水平相适应,保证救助标准的确定性。

In March 2009, the eight departments stipulate, various regions formulating their own specific measures for the rescue work of the criminal victim according to their situations, and carrying out specific work. The standing committees of Wuxi, Ningxia and Baotou-formulated their own specific measures. Through comparative analysis of them, there are some limitations, the deficience of the cohesion with other rescue work, harsh conditions, confusion of the subject＇s rights, lack of right obligation and Standard uncertainty. It is advisable to take the following measures, clearing combined with other ways of relief and coordinating their relationship;paying close attention to the result of crime harm result and giving some help to the need;determining the nature of the rescue work and clarifying the rights; setting the duty of disclosure and making the exercise of rights easier; improving the rescue work fitting in with the level of economic development where. The review organ is ensuring the standard of rescure work.