染污瓷和玻璃绝缘子的湿润特性研究

Wetting Characteristics of Contaminated Porcelain and Glass Insulators

研究染污绝缘子的湿润特性对完善其污闪机制有着重要意义。基于"混流法"和"水汽平衡法"的原理设计了可以准确控制环境温、湿度的污秽试验系统和精确控制环境温、湿度与气压的小环境系统,试验结果证实了这两系统具有良好的温、湿度控制效果。以设计的污秽试验系统和小环境系统为试验平台,详细研究了环境温度、环境相对湿度、大气压、污秽物中可溶盐的成分及含量、污秽物中惰性物质的成分及含量等对玻璃、瓷绝缘子湿润特性的影响,同时研究了含有蔗糖污秽绝缘子、自然污秽绝缘子和绝缘子不同部位的湿润特性差异,并分析了其机制。研究结果表明:除了大气压外,其他因素都对染污瓷和玻璃绝缘子的湿润特性有明显影响。

Research on the wetting properties of contamination insulator is important to improve the mechanism of pollution flashover. In this paper, a contamination test system was designed to control the temperature and the relative humidity accurately and a small environmental system was designed to control the temperature, relative humidity and air pressure accurately. The humidity control principle of the contamination test system was based on the ＂mixed moisture method＂ and that of the small environmental system was based on the ＂moisture balance method＂. The test results confirm that the two systems have good temperature and humidity control accuracy. Based on the contamination test system and the small environmental system, the influences of the environmental temperature, the environmental relative humidity, the environmental pressure, the composition and content of soluble salts, the composition and content of non-soluble deposits, contamination containing sugar, natural contamination and different parts of contaminated insulators were investigated by artificial pollution tests and the corresponding mechanisms were analyzed in detail. The test results show that the influences of other factors in addition to the pressure on the wetting characteristics of contaminated porcelain and glass insulators are very obvious.