学龄儿童对肥胖成因及危害认知的研究

Investigation on cognition of causes and harms of obesity among school-age children

目的:了解学龄儿童对肥胖成因及危害的认知情况,为预防和控制儿童肥胖提供理论依据。方法:采用分层整群抽样方式按行政划分地区抽取胶州市9所小学2 682名学生,设计调查问卷并进行肥胖调查。运用SPSS 13.0软件进行数据分析。结果:共得到有效问卷2 682份,其中男性儿童肥胖率16.88%,女性儿童肥胖率8.33%,儿童总肥胖率12.75%,男童肥胖率高于女童(χ2=43.239,P=0.000);与正常儿童相比,肥胖儿童对肥胖危害的认知较差(P<0.05);学龄儿童在是否影响健康、心理健康及美观认知方面差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05),对是否影响智力及是否与慢性病相关认知方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:学生对肥胖成因及危害的认知尚不足,学校及家长需要加大对学生的健康教育力度。

Objective： To understand the cognition of causes and harms of obesity among school - age children, and provide a theoretical basis for preventing and controlling childhood obesity. Methods ： A total of 2 682 students were selected from nine primary schools according to administrative regions by stratified cluster sampling method, a self - designed questionnaire was used to survey the students, the data were analyzed on SPSS 13.0 software. Results： A total of 2 682 valid questionnaires were obtained, the incidence rates of obesity in boys and girls were 16. 88% and 8. 33%, respectively; the total incidence rate of obesity was 12. 75%, the incidence rate of obesity in boys was statistically significantly higher than that in girls （x2 = 43. 239, P = 0. 000） ; compared with normal children, the cognition of harms of obesity among obese children was poorer （P 〈 0. 05 ） ; there were statistically significant differences in affecting health or not, mental health, and appearance of obesity among school age children （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, but there was no statistically significant difference in affecting intelligence or not and related chronic diseases （ P 〉 0.05 ） . Conclusion： The cognition of student is insufficient on causes and harms of obesity. Schools and parents need to enhance health education among students.