我国绿色矿山鼓励政策评析

Comment on Green Mine Encouragement Policies of China

现有绿色矿山鼓励政策有财政专项资金支持政策、资源配置倾斜政策、相关税费减免政策。财政专项支持与资源配置政策缺乏直接对责任行为和建设过程的激励;相关税费减免政策则存在增值税优惠范围较小,所得税优惠力度不大,对技术创新的鼓励方式较为单一,对矿山企业缺乏针对性等不足。推动绿色矿山建设的政策建议:⑴着力引导矿山企业主动履行资源环境责任;⑵建立履行资源环境责任的激励机制,激励政策要立足矿山企业生产实际,重点应由结果奖励转向过程激励,注重激励与约束并举;⑶制定绿色矿山税收优惠政策,要进一步加大增值税和所得税支持力度,扩大矿产资源补偿费和资源税减免优惠。

This paper analyzes the deifciencies of the existing green mine encouragement policy, these are：there are no direct incentives for responsible behavior and process of construction with regard to special ifnancial support policy and resource allocation policy. And as for related policies requiring tax reductions and exemptions, the issues include：value-added tax is not helpful;income tax is offered a small discount;incentives for technological innovation are comparatively single;and mine enterprise is not well-directed. On account of this, this paper suggests that we should make great efforts on guiding the mine enterprise to take the initiative to perform resource environmental responsibility. On this basis, we should establish incentive mechanism for performing resources environmental responsibility. And the incentive mechanism should be based on actual production of mining enterprises;the emphasis should be put on turning rewarding outcomes to process incentive;and great attention must be paid to incentive and constraint simultaneously. Finally, we should formulate green mining tax preferential policies, strengthen the support to value-added and income tax, and expand mineral resources compensation fees and resources tax reduction and exemption.