一起布鲁氏菌病暴发疫情的流行病学调查与分析

Epidemiological investigation and analysis of a brucellosis outbreak

目的通过对南昌市2012年一起布鲁氏菌病疫情的动态分析,掌握其流行规律,为制定非疫区布鲁氏菌病防治措施提供科学依据。方法先对确诊病例感染来源进行筛查,对密切接触者进行个案流行病学调查,然后对密切接触者和患者家属的全部羊群以及附近重点13乡镇(场)养殖户羊群抽样进行检测。结果经流行病学调查发现,首发病例有过外地购羊记录,且所购羊只未经检疫部门检疫。确诊病例家的羊群之间有过互换记录。本次人间布病疫情共发现7例人间布病病例,5例隐性感染者,患病率为8.86%,隐性感染率为6.94%;对741只羊进行布病检测结果发现,98只羊出现阳性,阳性率为13.23%。结论本次布病暴发的原因可能与病源输入性、隐形感染羊发病及与疫羊接触有关,应加强输入性牲畜的检疫工作,加大布病的防控宣传教育力度,提高人们的防治意识,以达到遏制布病疫情上升的目的。

Objective To analyze the dynamic of brucellosis in Nanchang 2012 for understanding the epidemic regularity of brucellosis and formulating preventing and controlling measures to provide the basis. Methods According to screening the source of confirmed cases and taking the epidemiological survey for expose people, to test to expose people, all goats of the cases and sampling goats of breeding farmers from 13 nearby key towns. Results By epidemiological investigation, initial case had bought a goat from other place which was without inspection and quarantine. The goats of confirmed cases had been exchanged. 7 confirmed cases and 5 latent infection cases of the human outbreak of brucellosis were found in the outbreak, the prevalence rate was 8.86%, latent infection rate was 6. 94%. 98 goats were tested positive among 741 goats ; the positive rate was 13.23 %. Conclusions The reasons in the outbreak may be related with source imported, latent infection goats ＂affection and plague goats contact, so we should strengthen to quarantine for the imported livestock, enhance strength of education, and promote the public preventive consciousness in order to contain the rising momen- tum of the brucellosis.