浙江沿海登陆台风风暴潮特性分析

Analysis of storm surge during typhoons landing on Zhejiang coasts

为了研究典型登陆路径台风影响下整个浙江沿海岸段的台风暴潮特性,基于ECOMSED模型,模拟分析不同登陆点的6次台风影响下浙江沿海风暴潮位过程.结果表明,经多个验潮站实测资料验证模拟潮位值与实测潮位值符合良好,高潮位模拟的平均绝对误差为23cm;登陆点右侧且靠近登陆点的岸段,增水形态以标准型为主,距离登陆点右侧较远以及其左侧的岸段,增水形态多呈波动型;在同一台风影响下,河口测站的最大增水值较岛屿站点的大;登陆路径右侧岸段的最大增水值是左侧的3倍且出现在最大风速半径附近;岛屿的迎风面最大增水值是背风面的3倍.

To investigatethe characteristics of storm surge along the whole Zhejiang coasts caused by the typical track of typhoon, a series of numerical simulations is carried out by using the ECOMSED model . The tidal level processes of six typhoons under different landing sitesare analyzed. The results show that the simulated tidal level value is in a good agreement with the observed data for many stations and the mean absolute error of high tidal level is 23cm. A standard type of storm surge is observed on the coastal zone close tothe right side of landing site and the location near the landing site, while a fluctuant type is observed on the left side of landing site and the location far from the landing site. It is also found that the peak value of storm surge in estuary stations is larger than that in islands during typhoon. Moreover, the maximum storm surge of the right side of typhoon path is twice times larger than that of the left one which occurs near the radius of maximum wind speed on the right side of landing location. And the maximum storm surge of the upwind side of the island is about twice times larger than that of leeward side.