社区居家老人骨质疏松相关生活方式与疾病因素的初步调查

The preliminary investigation on life-styles and disease factors related to osteoporosis among community elderly residents

目的:基于南通市居民健康信息系统,了解社区居家老年人对骨质疏松相关因素的知晓率,为完善社区卫生服务内容、方式以及早期干预提供理论依据,同时也为政府指导和制定老年人口健康策略提供第一手数据。方法:自行设计调查问卷,对南通市学田社区60岁及以上老年人进行抽样问卷调查,内容包括基本情况、生活方式、疾病史、饮食情况等。数据比较采用t检或χ2检验。结果:共194例老年人参与了本次调查,骨质疏松相关生活方式:吸烟(12.4%),饮酒(19.1%),经常饮用浓茶(21.6%),经常补钙(17.5%),经常喝牛奶(51.5%),以素为主(86.1%),经常吃杂粮(76.8%),规律运动(72.2%),长时间静坐(8.2%),定期体检(86.6%);骨质疏松相关疾病:糖尿病占(17.5%),高血压(61.3%),高血脂(38.7%),甲状腺功能亢进(4.6%),风湿病(10.3%),非暴力骨折史(23.2%),慢性腰腿痛(65.5%),严重心脑血管病(30.4%),慢性肝炎(6.2%)。不同性别、年龄、家庭月收入与骨质疏松相关生活方式和疾病因素的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。另外,电视广播是骨质疏松相关知识传播的主要渠道(知晓率51.0%)。结论:本社区老年人群中骨质疏松相关不良生活方式仍占相当比例,人群普遍患有骨质疏松相关疾病,提示应加大对社区老年人群骨质疏松的健康宣教力度,普查骨质疏松的发病情况,有效诊治骨质疏松相关疾病,将老年人群骨质疏松的防治关口前移。

Objec tive： Based on the health information platform of community inhabitant in Nantong , to investigate the awareness of osteoporosis influence factors among community elderly population,provide the theoretical evidence for improving the community health service content, ways and early intervention, and give the first-hand data to government for guiding and establishing elderly population health strategies. Methods： A sampling survey of questions and answers was performed among people over 60 years old based on self-design questionnaire in Xuetian community, Nantong. General statues, life-styles, the history of diseases, diet and so on. T-test and chi-square analysis were performed for the data treatment. Results： Totally 194 persons were involved in this investigation, the life-styles related to osteoporosis were：smoking（12.4%）, drinking（19.1%）, often drinking strong tea（21.6%）, often eating calcium tablet（17.5%）, often drinking milk （51.5%）, mainly plain（86.1%）, often eating grains（76.8%）, regularly exercising（72.2%）, sitting for a long time（8.2%）, regularly physical examination（86.6%）;the diseases related to osteoporosis were： diabetes（17.5%）, hypertension（61.3%）, hyperlipidemia （38.7%）, hyperthyroidism （4.6%）, rheumatology （10.3%）, history of nonviolent fractures （23.2%）, chronic lumbocrural pain （65.5%）, severe cardio-cerebrovascular disease （30.4%）, chronic hepatitis （6.2%）. There was a significantly correlation between the life-styles and diseases factors related to osteoporosis with different gender, age, family income（P＆lt;0.05）. In addition, television broadcasting was the main channel to propagate the related knowledge of osteoporosis （the awareness was 51.0%）. Conclusions： The survey showed that the bad life-styles related to osteoporosis still account for a considerable proportion among the community elderly population, people generally suffer from osteoporosis related diseases, suggesting that it is necessary to reinforce the health education about osteoporosis among community elderly population , generally survey the incidence of osteoporosis, diagnosis and treat the related diseases to osteoporosis effectively, in order to propose the gate of prevention and treatment in osteoporosis among elderly people.