微血管自律运动在高血压发生发展中的变化和意义

Microvascular Vosomotion Changes in Occurrence and Development of Hypertension

微循环的异常,包括微血管的稀疏和(或)微血管结构的改变,可能参与了高血压的发生发展,是造成终末器官缺血和功能障碍直至衰竭的主要原因之一。根据文献报道,微血管自律运动调控血流动力学的同时还参与信息传递并适时作出反应,改善组织灌注不足、缺血、缺氧,缓解外周压力。已有研究发现,高血压发生发展过程中,微血管自律运动频率和振幅呈现复杂的变化,可能与内皮细胞功能不足、细胞间缝隙连接减少、平滑肌细胞钙离子内流增多及钙池功能异常引起膜电位改变等有关,本文将从微循环的角度阐述高血压状态下微血管自律运动的变化并对其机制做一简要概述。

Microcirculatory abnormalities including microvascular rarefaction and （or） structural changes might be involved in occurrence and development of hypertension and is a major cause of end-organ damage. Many results have been emerged that microvascular vasomotion not only played a significant role in hemodynamic of blood circulating system, but also participated in information signaling, improving organ perfusion inadequacy, ischemia-hypoxia and peripheral vascular resistance. The relationship between hypertension and micro vascular vasomotion is well established showing complicated changes both in amplitude and frequency at different development stage of hypertension. Furthermore, mounting evidences about regulatory mechanisms for complicated changes in hypertension have been sprouted up that it might be related with end0thelium dysfunction, limited number of gap junctions and membrane potential calcium influx. Therefore, one important perspective might be provided by microvascular vasomotion to investigate the pathophysiological changes in hypertension, and the underlying mechanisms would be briefly reviewed.