中国城乡居民吸烟行为及其影响因素分析

The analysis of cigarette smoking behaviors and its influencing factors among chinese urban and rural residents

目的：了解中国城乡居民吸烟现状及其吸烟行为影响因素,为开展控烟教育及行为干预提供依据。方法：使用中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）2009年数据,对9 995名（男4 763人,女5 232人）18周岁及以上居民的吸烟行为,包括吸烟率。现在吸烟率。重型吸烟率。平均吸烟量等进行描述性分析并对数据进行多元Logistic 回归分析,探讨我国城乡居民吸烟行为影响因素。结果：我国18周岁及以上居民吸烟率为31.06%,现在吸烟率为27.65%,男女现在吸烟率分别为 54.25%和3.44%,男性高于女性。吸烟者开始吸烟年龄中位数为 20 岁,现在吸烟者日均吸烟中位数为 20 支。Logistic 逐步回归分析显示,性别（OR=0.039,95%CI：0.033~0.046）。文化程度（OR=0.797,95%CI：0.738~0.861）。饮酒（OR=2.406,95%CI：2.138~2.709）和家庭人均年收入（OR=0.870,95%CI：0.786~0.964）是吸烟的相关影响因素,在以医生或教师。未婚和70岁以上年龄组为对照时,职业。婚姻状况和年龄亦是吸烟的影响因素。结论：我国城乡居民的吸烟率依旧很高,烟草控制仍然面临着巨大的挑战,应采取有针对性的措施加强控烟 工作。

Objective：To investigate smoking behaviors and its influencing factors among Chinese urban and rural residents. Methods：The data of of Health and Nutrition Survey in China in 2009 was used for the analysis. A total of 9 995 subjects（male 4 763 and female 5 232） aged 18 years and above were involved. The index of smoking pattern included smoking rate,current smoking rate,heavy smoking rate and average numbers of cigarettes smoked per day. Multiple logistic regression was applied to analyze the data. Results：The smoking rate of residens aged 18 years and above in China was 31.06%. The current smoking rate was 27.65%（male 54.25% and female 3.44%）. The median age of smokers when they stared to smoke was 20 years old,and now,their consumption were averagely 20 cigaretles everyday. The logistic stepwise regression analysis showed sex（OR=0.039,95%CI：0.033~0.046）,education（OR=0.797,95%CI：0.738~0.861）,alcohol drinking（OR=2.406,95%CI：2.138~2.709） and family income（OR=0.870,95%CI：0.786~0.964） were influencing factors for individual smoking. Conclusion：The residents’ smoking rate was still very high in China. The tobacco control in China is still facing the great challenge. Effective intervention measures should be implemented to control the tobacco use.