行星着陆探测中的动力学与控制研究进展

Research progress of dynamics and control for planetary landing

着陆探测是获取行星特性和科学数据最直接、最有效的途径,也是目前技术难度最大、最为复杂的探测方式。在行星着陆探测过程中,动力学与控制是影响任务成败的关键因素之一。文章首先分析了行星着陆探测动力学与控制研究所面临的挑战与难题;然后,针对火星和小行星的着陆探测,重点分析了火星着陆进入段和下降段所涉及的动力学与控制,小行星附着探测动力学建模与制导控制的研究现状与关键问题;最后,提出了我国在行星着陆探测动力学与控制领域的未来重点发展方向。

Landing exploration is the most direct and effective way to obtain the planetary science data and information, and also is currently the most difficult and complex task. The dynamics and control problem is one of the key issues affecting the mission success during the landing exploration. Firstly, related problems and challenge are dicussed in this paper. Secondly, the landing exploration on Mars and asteroid is reviewed, including the research status and key issues of the dynamics and control problem involvied in the Mars entry phase, the descent phase and the asteroid touch down phase. Finally, the prospects for problem of dynamics and control for Chinese future mission to planetary landing are discussed.