某城市地下车库联络通道的消防安全研究

Fire safety research on contact channel for urban underground garage

城市地下车库联络通道作为一种新型的地下交通联络通道,可净化地面交通,提高土地利用率,解决城市交通拥堵问题。然而这种通道兼有地下车库和城市交通隧道的特点,结构复杂,一旦发生火灾,损失较大。其防火设计的难点在于如何定性并选择合适的规范条文,因此有必要系统研究其消防安全问题并提出有效解决方案。以某城市地下车库联络通道为例,研究该通道的火灾危险性,提出防火分隔、探测报警、排烟以及人员安全疏散等消防设计方案和管理对策,并通过数值模拟方法验证了该方案的有效性和可行性。

As a new underground traffic liaison channel, the unban underground contact channel can simplify ground transportation, improve land utilization, and solve the traffic congestion problem. However, the contact channel has both the features of underground garage and urban traffic tunnel, with potential of large losses in the event of a fire. How to identify and classify this kind of channel and then determine suitable fire code requirement are the challenges of fire design. In this paper, a contact channel for urban underground garage is selected as an example to study its fire risk and then fire design and management strategies are proposed, concerning the fire separation, fire detection and alarm, smoke control and evacuation. Finally, numerical simulation is employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the fire design.