远程初学者自我导向学习准备度的实证研究

Survey on Self-directed Learning Readiness of Beginners in Open Learning

开放远程教育的辍学现象主要集中在初学阶段,因而面向初学者的学习支持服务尤为重要。初学者对开放远程学习方式的适应程度在一定程度上取决于自我导向学习的准备度。根据某开放大学初学者自我导向学习准备度的实证调研,初学者总体的自我导向学习准备度较好,男性学员略高于女性学员,已婚学员显著高于未婚学员。年龄和从业年限与自我导向学习准备度没有显著相关关系,但学历水平与初学者的主动学习和效率学习的倾向性显著相关,普通专科和本科毕业的初学者在这两方面显著低于成人专科和本科毕业的初学者。开放大学在初学者的学习支持服务中,需要加强对女性学员承担多重角色和压力的人文关怀,注重增强未婚学员在开放远程学习中的责任感和成就感,更要高度关注普通专科和本科毕业的学员,提升他们对开放远程学习的认同感、主动性及自我效能感。

Dropouts often happen in open learning, especially at the primary stage, so the learning support for beginners is much more important. How well the beginners fit in with the open learning depends on their self - directed learning readiness to a certain ex- tent. The survey in an Open University shows that beginners＇ self - directed learning readiness is not bad, however some findings are worthy of note as follows ： 1 ） orientation on self - directed learning of male beginners is slightly higher than females, and this orientation of married beginners is significantly higher than the unmarried ; 2 ） age and working years are not significantly correlated to the self - di- rected learning readiness; 3） degree level is significantly associated with beginners＇ orientation of active learning and efficient learn- ing, and it＇s worth mentioning that orientation on self- directed learning of beginners from regular HEIs is significantly lower than those from adult HEIs. This paper suggests that, at the primary stage of open learning, institutions need to give more humanistic con- cern to women because of the multiple roles and stress they take, and help unmarried beginners promote the sense of duty on learning and get fulfillment from open learning, and assist beginners from regular HEIs in adaptation to open learning more actively in order to promote the self- efficiency.