经皮肾镜取石术100例治疗体会

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Clinical Experience in 100 Cases

目的探讨经皮肾镜取石术(PCNL)治疗上尿路结石的临床效果并总结操作体会。方法对100例上尿路结石患者采用PCNL治疗。结果 100例患者均碎石取石成功,其中一期取石成功83例,占83%;二期取石成功10例,占10%;7例因结石残留采用体外震波碎石(ESWL)治疗成功,占7%。平均手术时间为(82±11)min,手术平均出血量为(28±4)mL,平均住院时间为(6±2)d。术中、术后均未出现严重并发症。结论经皮肾镜穿刺取石术具有损伤小、恢复快、结石清除率高、并发症少等特点,可作为治疗上尿路结石的良好选择方案。

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and operational experience of percutaneous nephrolithotomy（PCNL） in upper urinary tract calculi. Methods One hundred patients with upper urinary tract calculi were treated with PCNL. Results The lithotripsy was successfully performed in all patients. Among the 100 patients, one-stage stone removal was successful in 83（83%）, two-stage stone removal was successful in 10（10%）, and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy was carried out due to residual calculi in 7（7%）. The mean operating time, blood loss and hospital stay were （82±11） min, （28±4）mL and （6±2）d, respectively. No serious complications were found during and after operation. Conclusion The PCNL is a good option for the treatment of upper urinary tract calculi with the advantages of little damage, quick recovery, high clearance rate and few complications.