有氧运动对外周和中心血压的急性影响

Acute Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Peripheral and Central Blood Pressure

目的:研究有氧运动对青年男性和女性外周和中心血压(BP)的急性影响,另一目的是研究引起BP变化性别差异的生理机制。方法:对62名(男32,女30)受试者(年龄,26±5yrs)进行两次测试:第一次测试采用Bruce跑台模型,测取最大心率(HRmax)和峰值耗氧量(VO2peak);间隔48h到2周进行第2次测试,主要测取运动前、运动后30min和60min受试者的肱动脉、颈动脉和中央主动脉BP以及动脉和心脏功能的相关指标。急性有氧运动为45min70%HR储备(HRR)的跑台运动(目标心率=(HRmax-安静HR)×70%+安静HR)。结果:2×3ANOVA重复测量方差分析,2个性别在3个时间点的肱动脉DBP、MAP以及颈动脉MAP的变化存在显著性差异(P<0.05);CO、HR、Dmax、Dmin和LVEDV等指标也存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析(CI=95%),肱动脉MAP与肱动脉DBP(r=0.85,P=0.00),肱动脉DBP与CO(r=0.497,P=0.00),颈动脉MAP与CO(r=0.512,P=0.00)和LVEDV(r=0.492,P=0.00)呈显著正相关。结论:急性有氧运动后可以引起外周SBP以及中心SBP和MAP的降低,运动后BP的变化存在性别差异。外周BP变化的性别差异是由HR介导的CO的变化引起;中心BP变化的差异是由HR介导的CO的变化和心脏前负荷的变化共同引起。BP变化的性别差异不受动脉僵硬度和NO介导的血管舒张的影响。

Objectives：The purpose of this study was to determine the acute effects of aerobic exercise on peripheral and central blood pressure （BP） in men and women. An additional pur- pose of this study was to study the physiological mechanisms that cause the different changes between different genders. Methods： Sixty-two healthy individuals （age 26＋5 yrs,32 male and 30 female） underwent measurements of HRmax and VO2 peak by Bruce model in the first test. And then underwent measurements of brachial artery, carotid artery, central aortic BP and some functional variables of artery and left ventricle （LV） at pre, 30 minutes and 60 minutes post a bout of acute exercise in 48 hours to 2 weeks after the first test. The acute exercise is a bout of 70% heart rate reserve （HRR） aerobic exercise by treadmill continued 45 minutes. （target HR= （HRmax-- HRrest） X 70% ＋ HRrest） Results： The changes of brachial DBP, MAP and carotid MAP were difference （P〈0. 05 ） analyzed by 2 X 3 （ 2 genders X 3 time points） repeated measures ANOVA; and also there were statistical different in CO, HR, Dmax, Dmin and LVEDV （ P 〈 0. 05 ） There were significant positive correlations between brachial MAP and DBP （r=0.85,P=0.00）,brachial DBP and CO （r=0. 497,P=0.00）, carotid MAP and CO （ r = 0. 512, P = 0. 00）, Carotid MAP and LVEDV （ r = 0. 492, P = 0. 00）by Pearson correlation analysis. Conclusion： Aerobic exercise can reduce peripheral SBP and central SBP and MAP and the changes of BP were different between men and women. The different changes of peripheral BP were induced by the changes of CO mediated by HR follow ing exercise between men and women. The changes of CO mediated by HR and LV preload may contribute to the different changes of central BP. Artery stiffness and NO-mediated vaso dilatation do not contribute to the changes of BP.