菊花茎段组织快繁体系的建立

Establishment of rapid propagation system of stems of Chrysanthemum

通过对菊花茎段采用不同的消毒处理,然后进行诱导、增殖和生根试验,建立了菊花离体快繁体系：消毒灭菌处理以70％酒精浸泡10s后,在0.1％升汞溶液中浸泡3min为最佳；带腋芽茎段诱导的最适宜培养基是MS＋6-BA2.0 mg·L-1＋ NAA0.1mg·L-1；腋芽增殖的最适宜培养基为MS＋6-BA2.0 ～3.0 mg·L-1＋NAA0.1mg·L-1；利用不带腋芽的茎段诱导愈伤组织的最适宜培养基是MS＋6-BA0.5mg·L-1＋ NAA0.5mg·L-1;愈伤组织再分化成丛生芽的最适宜培养基是MS＋6-BA2.0 mg·L-1＋ NAA0.1mg·L-1；诱导生根的适宜培养基为1/2MS＋ NAA0.5 mg·L-1；生根率为100％；试管苗移栽到疏松透气的蛭石＋珍珠岩＋园土（1：1：1）混合基质中,成活率可达98％.

The techniques of vitro propagation for Chrysanthemum were established by adopting different sterilizing treat- ment, induction, proliferation and rooting culture mediums. The results showed that the optimum way of sterilizing treat- ment was that explants were dipped in 70% alcohol for 10s,then in 0.1% HgCl2 for 3 rain. The best culture medium for proliferation was MS ＋ 6 -BA2.0. 3.0 mg.L-1 ＋ NAA0.1 mg. L-l. The best euhure medium for callus induction was MS ＋ 6 - BA0.5 mg.L-1 ＋ NAA0.5mg . L-1. The best culture medium for callus re - differentiation was MS ＋ 6 - BA2.0 mg. L-1 ＋ NAA0. mg. L-1 ;The best culture medium for axillary buds induction was MS ＋ 6 - BA2.0 mg. L-1 ＋ NAA0. ling . L-1. Buds were placed onto the rooting medium 1/2MS ＋ NAA0.5 mg. L-1 , induction rate of roo- fing was 100%. There was no strict demand for matrix, when the plantlets were transplanted to medium （vermiculite ： pearlite： soil = 1：1：1）, the survival rate could reach 98%.