大新县中低产田的划分与改良

The division and improvement of middle-low-yield farmlands in Daxin County

根据不同的障碍因素,大新县中低产田划分为:灌溉改良型、瘠薄培肥型、坡地梯改型、盐碱耕地型、渍潜稻田型等五种。中低产田的改良,必须增施有机肥以提高土壤有机质含量,改善土壤理化性状,增强土壤的保水保肥能力,增强pH缓冲性能,平衡土壤酸碱度。同时要根据不同的障碍因素,因地制宜,采取针对性改良措施:灌溉改良型采取解决灌溉用水水源,加深耕层,培肥改土及合理施肥等措施;瘠瘦培肥型采取加厚耕层,培肥改土及合理施肥等措施;盐渍耕地型采取治理灌溉水,降低土壤碱性,培肥改土及合理施肥等措施;渍潜稻田型采取完善田间排水渠系,合理施肥等措施;坡地梯改型通过种植生物篱、人造梯地等措施治理水土流失、培肥改土及合理施肥。

According to different constrained factors, the middle-low-yield farmlands in Daxin County can be divided into irrigation-improved type, barren-fertilized type, sloping-terraced type, saline-cul- tivated type and gley-paddy-field type. The improvement of middle-low-yield farmlands should be done as followings： （1） applying manure to enhance soil organic content; （2） to improve soil physical and chemical characters; （3） to increase water-fertility-keeping ability of soil; （4） to increase pH buffer performance; （5） balancing soil pH. Meanwhile, improving measures should be adjusted and adopted to local conditions： to provide irrigation origin, deep plough layer, soil improvement, rational fertilization etc. for irrigation-improved type; deep plough layer, soil improvement, rational fertilization etc. for barren-fertilized type; irrigation water treatment, reducing soil alkaline, soil improvement, rational fertilization etc. for saline-cultivated type; perfecting field drainage canal and rational fertilization for gleypaddy-field type. ; to grow plant fence, terraced field, soil improvement, rational fertilization to reduce soil erosion for sloping-terraced type.