亚致死温度条件下西花蓟马和烟蓟马的发育和繁殖

The Effect of Extreme Temperature on Development and Reproduction of FrankliniellaoccidentalisandThripstabaci

为了明确西花蓟马和烟蓟马在亚致死高温和低温条件下的生存和繁殖情况,在前期研究的基础上,试验测定了西花蓟马和烟蓟马在13℃和35℃条件下的发育和繁殖。结果表明:2种蓟马的成虫在这2种温度条件下都能够存活,在35℃条件下烟蓟马的成虫寿命为3.85天,每雌产卵量为15.85粒,西花蓟马孤雌生殖和两性生殖的成虫寿命分别为7.55天和6.90天,每雌产卵量分别为5.76粒、4.50粒。在13℃条件下,西花蓟马成虫的存活能力高于烟蓟马,西花蓟马孤雌生殖和两性生殖的成虫寿命分别为56.73天和40.00天,每雌产卵量分别为28.07粒和21.30粒;烟蓟马雌虫在13℃条件下不能产卵。从卵到成虫的发育结果可知,西花蓟马在2种温度条件下都不能完成发育,而烟蓟马在13℃低温条件下不能完成卵到成虫的发育,但在35℃条件下可以完成,发育历期为8.41天,存活率较低仅为24%。由此可以得出,2种蓟马对温度的耐受性不同,烟蓟马对高温的耐受能力强于西花蓟马,而西花蓟马对低温的耐受能力强于烟蓟马。

In order to define the survival rate and fecundity of F.occidentalis and T.tabaci under the condition of sublethal temperatures.Based on former study,development and reproduction conditions of Frankliniella occidentalis andThrips tabaci under 13℃ and 35℃were determined.The results indicated that F.occidentalis and T.tabaci could survive under both temperatures.Under the treatment of 35℃,the longevity of adult female T.tabaci,parthenogenetic adult F.occidentalis and gamogenetic adult F.occidentalis was 3.85d,7.55d and 6.90d,respectively.And the fecundity of each adult female T.tabaci,parthenogenetic adult F.occidentalis and gamogenetic adult F.occidentalis was 15.85 grains,5.76 grains and 4.50 grains,respectively.However,under the treatment of 13℃,the survival ability of the adult F.occidentalis was better than T.tabaci.The fecundity of each parthenogenetic adult F.occidentalis and gamogenetic adult F.occidentalis was 28.07 grains and 21.30 grains,respectively.But to T.tabaci,it couldn＇t oviposit or the egg couldn＇t hatch.In addition,the longevity of parthenogenetic adult F.occidentaliswas 56.73d,longer than gamogenetic adult F.occidentalis（40.00d）under the treatment of 13℃.The results of developmental duration showed that F.occidentalis couldn＇t finish development under both temperatures.Although T.tabaci couldn＇t finish the development from egg to adult under 13℃,it could fulfill it under 35℃ with developmental duration at 8.41d and survival rate at 24 ％.In conclusion,F.occidentalis and T.tabaci had different adaptability to extreme temperature.T.tabaci had a better adaptability to high temperature than F.occidentalis,but worse than F.occidentalis in the adaptability to low temperature.