辽宁太子河河岸带草本植物特征研究

Research on characteristics of riparian herbs in Taizi River,Liaoning

应用样方法研究了辽宁太子河河岸带草本物种组成特征。结果表明:1)太子河河岸带共有草本植物207种,隶属于36科125属。其中菊科物种最多,水蓼出现的频率最高;2)太子河河岸带草本植物属级区系组成丰富,以温带分布区类型为主,其次为热带分布区类型;3)所有物种中,水生或湿生植物120种,旱生或中生植物87种,分别占总物种数的58.0%和42.0%;4)根据物种在样方中出现与否,将样点分为2类;一类分布于高海拔地区,物种以旱生或中生植物为主,物种数多,而另一类分布于低海拔地区,物种以水生或湿生植物为主,物种数较少;5)河岸带草本物种中有杂草和人类伴生种出现,且频率较高,表明太子河河岸带受到人类活动,如农田开发、挖沙和人类居住的影响。

Samples with area 3 m× 3 m were collected to reveal the species composition and community characteristics in riparian zone of Taizi River, northeast China. Results based on 70 samples showed that there were 207 herbaceous species belonging to 36 families and 125 genera, and Compositae had the most species among all families, while Polygonum hydropiper had the highest frequency of occurrence. Geographic flora in this region was highly diverse, dominated by temperate genera. Among all species 120 belonged to hydrophyte and hygrophyte occupying 58.0% of all species; and 87 belonged to mesophyte and xerophytic occupying 42% of all species. All samples were clustered into 2 types based on presence and absence of species, and one type distributed mainly in high altitude area with the dominant species mesophyte and xerophytic, while the other type distributed mainly in low altitude area with the dominant species hydrophyte and hygrophyte. Weed and anthropochory species had high occurrence indicating disturbance on riparian zone of anthropogenic activities. Altitude and anthropogenic activities affect the species composition and community features, and this should be considered in the riparian management.