基于自然语料的中亚留学生汉语量词使用情况分析

An Analysis on the Use of Chinese Classifiers of the Overseas Students from Central Asian based on the Natural Language Corpus

文章在搜集中亚留学生自然语料的基础上对中亚留学生使用汉语量词的情况进行了分析,通过整理发现中亚留学生能正确使用的量词只有48个,其中"个"的使用频率最高,其次是与俄语有对应形式的准量词(时间)"天、点钟、年、岁"和动量词"次"。"‘个’的泛化""量词的缺失""量词的误加""量词的误代""数量词组位置不当"等是中亚留学生使用量词时最主要的偏误类型。

Based on the analysis of Central Asian students＇use of Chinese classifiers collected from the natural language corpus, the paper finds that only 48 Chinese classifiers are correctly used by them. Among these classifiers, ＂Ge＂ ranks first in the frequency of use, and followed by other Chinese classifiers such as ＂day＂ , ＂o＇clock＂, ＂ year＂ and ＂ times＂, which has equivalence in Russian. The major mistakes made by these students include such mistakes as the inappropriate use of ＂ge＂, the absence, the overuse, the misplacement of some classifiers.