中小班幼儿观看动画片时注意分配的眼动研究

Divided Attention of 3-6 Year-old Children When Watching Cartoons:An Eye Movement Study

本研究采用眼动记录技术，探查了29名中、小班幼儿观看动画片时的注意分配情况。研究结果表明，在观看动画片时，不同年龄和性别的幼儿在平均凝视时间和注视点所占比率上不存在显著差异，但是在持续凝视最长时间和瞳孔直径最大的时间点上存在较为显著的年龄和性别差异．而动画角色的不同特征，如屏幕位置、形象特点等，对不同年龄和性别幼儿的注意偏好有显著影响。建议教师为不同年龄幼儿选择适宜的动画片，适度满足幼儿观看动画片的心理需要．让优秀的动画片促进幼儿身心健康发展。

Using eye movement recording technique, the authors studied the divided attention of 29 3-6 year-old children when they were watching cartoons. The results show that children of different age and gender do not have significant differences in average fixation duration and fixation point while there are significant age and gender differences in longest continuous fixation time and the time of largest pupil. The different features of cartoon characters, such as screen position and image characteristics, exert significant influence on the attention preference of children of different age and gender groups. The authors suggest that teachers should select different cartoons for children of different age groups to satisfy children＇s psychological needs for cartoons and promote children＇s physical and mental development through excellent cartoons.