政治变局中的金融震荡:1928年平津挤兑风潮

Financial Turbulence in Political Variation:On the Bank Runs of Peking and Tianjin in 1928

1928年12月10日,中日合办的中华汇业银行因难以应付提存挤兑风潮,宣告停业一月,进行整顿改组。由于该行纸币主要流通于北平和天津两地,而政治中心的南迁引起该区域的经济萧条和政事消沉,使得人心惶惶、谣言四起,最终引发了平津两地的华威银行、劝业银行、蒙藏银行、农工银行、垦业银行、懋业银行等相继发生挤兑风潮。这次平津挤兑风潮,是中小银行在政治变局中的一次自动清理,政府的漠视和缺乏同业的奥援,使得这些银行难以为继,更严重的后果则是市面的混乱和众多持票人的财富在一瞬间化为乌有。

On December 10,1928,the Exchange Bank of China(jointly run by China and Japan) announced to close for a month for reorganizing and reshuffling.This finally gave rise to bank runs in Peking and Tianjin including Warwick Bank,Mongolian and Tibetan bank,Agriculture And Industry Bank Of China,Chinese-American Bank of Commerce,etc.The indifference of government and lack of support from other banks made these small or middle size banks difficult to sustain in the wave of bank runs.A more serious consequence was that the wealth of many check bearers vanished in a flash in the chaos of the market.