《聊斋志异》中的“再”“又”“复”“还”

Research on “Zai(再)”“You(又)”“Fu(复)”“Hai(还)” in Liao Zhai Zhi Yi

《聊斋志异》中的"再""又""复""还"用法已经相当成熟,既有对先秦汉语的继承,又有很多的新发展。新发展或与现代汉语相同,或为现代汉语用法之肇端。四者都关涉两个动作,"再""复""还"关涉的两个动作主体相同,第二个动作为过去或将来时态,"又"关涉的两个动作主体可同可异,第二个动作为过去或现在时态。四者所关涉的两个动作间的关系分为相同、相反、顺承三种。

The usages of ＂Zai（再） You（又） Fu（复） Hai（还）＂ in Liao Zhai Zhi Yi is quite ma- ture. It not only inherits from the pre-Qin Chinese, but also has many new developments. Some of the de- velopments are same with Modern Chinese, and some are the beginning of Modern Chinese. All the four words are related to two actions. The subjects of the two actions related to＂Zai（再） Fu（复） Hai（还）＂ are same. The second action is past or future tense. The subjects of the two actions related to ＂You（又）＂ maybe same or not. There are three types of the relations between the two actions which are related to the four words： same, on the contrary and succession.